使用pspice的交流電源信號的頻率相關開關模型
專為 PSpice 仿真設計的頻率相關開關使專家能夠解決高級系統(tǒng)中的挑戰(zhàn),無縫集成到各種電子電路中。
本文引用地址:http://yuyingmama.com.cn/article/202505/470501.htm開關可用于 UHF 或更高無線電頻段中需要通過多個路徑路由信號的任何設備/電路。ATE(自動測試設備)系統(tǒng)中使用不同配置的開關。固態(tài)開關可分為兩大類:機械式、繼電器式、PIN 二極管和 FET。他們可以使用,
要在雙輸出之間切換單個信號,
要連接不同的多個輸出,將信號并聯(lián)到端口連接,
繞著電路元件或系統(tǒng)路由更改(旁路)電壓,而不是通過電路元件或系統(tǒng)。
通過頻域中的示例描述了與 PSpice 電路仿真軟件兼容的電壓/電流控制模擬行為模型開關的設計和建模。
模擬方法
描述了使用模擬行為建模獲得不同開關的等效電路的 PSpice 方法。該領域的其他工作使用原始 PSpice 程序的多項式電壓/電流源模型使用不同的配置。

圖 1 包含拉普拉斯開關 (E) 和電阻器的線性高功率網(wǎng)絡
圖 2:帶有頻率相關開關 S1 的線性有源高功率網(wǎng)絡
表 I 描述了(圖 1)獲得頻率依賴性的 PSpice 程序,該程序在 1700Hz 時表現(xiàn)為短,在圖 1 的其他工作頻率下變?yōu)殚_路 [相當于執(zhí)行開關(開/關)動作]。圖 1 中的 E 拉普拉斯描述了使用帶有拉普拉斯選項的 PSpice 模擬行為模型的開/關電阻器。
Table I. Frequency description of switch operation (Fig: 1)
| **** 10/03/23 16:43:29 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent switch simulation |
| Circuit description |
| V2 1 0 AC 1 |
| R13 1 3 100 |
| E34 3 4 LAPLACE {I(E34)} = {(ABS(S)/(2.0*3.141592653589793)-1700)*1E8} |
| R40 4 0 100 |
| .AC LIN 13 1KHz 2.2KHz |
| .PRINT AC VM(1) VM(3) VM(4) |
| .OP |
| .end |
| **** 10/03/23 16:43:29 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent switch simulation |
| Small signal bias solution Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Node voltage |
| ( 1) 0.0000 ( 3) 0.0000 ( 4) 0.0000 |
| Voltage source currents |
| Name Current |
| V2 0.000E+00 |
| Total power dissipation 0.00E+00 watts |
| **** 10/03/23 16:43:29 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent switch simulation |
| Operating point information Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Voltage-controlled voltage sources |
| Name E34 |
| V-source 0.000E+00 |
| I-source 0.000E+00 |
| **** 10/03/23 16:43:29 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent switch simulation |
| AC analysis Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| FREQ VM(1) VM(3) VM(4) |
| 1.000E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 1.429E-09 |
| 1.100E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 1.667E-09 |
| 1.200E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 2.000E-09 |
| 1.300E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 2.500E-09 |
| 1.400E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 3.333E-09 |
| 1.500E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 5.000E-09 |
| 1.600E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 1.000E-08 |
| 1.700E+03 1.000E+00 5.007E-01 4.993E-01 |
| 1.800E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 1.000E-08 |
| 1.900E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 5.000E-09 |
| 2.000E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 3.333E-09 |
| 2.100E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 2.500E-09 |
| 2.200E+03 1.000E+00 1.000E+00 2.000E-09 |
可以觀察到(表 I),由于 1.7KHz 的開關動作,所有電壓都從節(jié)點 (3) 轉移到輸出節(jié)點 (4)。
Table II. PSpice program description of switching (Fig:2)
| **** 10/03/23 16:33:07 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Circuit description |
| V2 1 0 AC 100 |
| R13 1 2 400 |
| G1 2 0 4 0 2 |
| L23 2 3 0.3 |
| R30 3 0 500 |
| C34 3 4 0.1UF |
| L46 4 6 0.1 |
| C60 6 0 0.1 |
| E45 4 5 LAPLACE {I(E45)} = {(ABS(S)/(2.0*3.14159265359)-150)*1E10} |
| R40 5 0 2000 |
| .AC LIN 4 50 200 |
| .PRINT AC VM(1) VM(3) VM(4) VM(5) |
| .OP |
| .end |
| **** 10/03/23 16:33:07 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Small signal bias solution Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Node voltage |
| ( 1) 0.0000 ( 2) 0.0000 ( 3) 0.0000 ( 4) 0.0000 |
| ( 5) 0.0000 ( 6) 0.0000 |
| Voltage source currents |
| Name Current |
| V2 0.000E+00 |
| Total power dissipation 0.00E+00 watts |
| **** 10/03/23 16:33:07 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Operating point information Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Voltage-controlled current sources |
| Name G1 |
| I-source 0.000E+00 |
| Voltage-controlled voltage sources |
| Name E45 |
| V-source 0.000E+00 |
| I-source 0.000E+00 |
| **** 10/03/23 16:33:07 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| AC analysis Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| FREQ VM(1) VM(3) VM(4) VM(5) |
| 5.000E+01 1.000E+02 9.734E+01 9.607E-02 1.921E-10 |
| 1.000E+02 1.000E+02 6.948E+01 2.753E-01 1.101E-09 |
| 1.500E+02 1.000E+02 1.831E+01 1.639E-01 1.637E-01 |
| 2.000E+02 1.000E+02 8.999E+00 1.444E-01 5.775E-10 |
| Job concluded |
從表 II 對圖 2 的描述中,由于 150Hz 的開關動作,節(jié)點 (4) 的電壓轉移到節(jié)點 (5)。在其余頻率下,由于開路節(jié)點 (5) 和 (4),輸出電壓為零。表 II 中的 E45 描述使用 PSpice 的模擬行為選項來獲得電源開關。

圖:3. 包含帶電阻器的拉普拉斯開關 (E Laplace) 的高功率網(wǎng)絡
圖:4. 帶有頻率相關開關 S1 的高有效高功率網(wǎng)絡
Table III. Frequency description of switch operation (Fig: 3)
| **** 10/14/23 16:46:40 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent switch simulation |
| Circuit description |
| Voltage AC excitation |
| I 0 3 AC 1 |
| R13 0 3 100 |
| E34 3 4 LAPLACE {I(E34)} = {(ABS(S)/(2.0*3.141592653589793)-1700)*1E8} |
| R40 4 0 100 |
| .AC LIN 13 1KHz 2.2KHz |
| .PRINT AC VM(3) VP(3) VM(4) VP(4) |
| .OP |
| .end |
| **** 10/14/23 16:46:40 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent switch simulation |
| Small signal bias solution Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Node voltage |
| ( 3) 0.0000 ( 4) 0.0000 |
| Voltage source currents |
| Name Current |
| Total power dissipation 0.00E+00 watts |
| **** 10/14/23 16:46:40 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent switch simulation |
| Operating point information Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Voltage-controlled voltage sources |
| Name E34 |
| V-source 0.000E+00 |
| I-source 0.000E+00 |
| **** 10/14/23 16:46:40 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent switch simulation |
| AC analysis Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| FREQ VM(3) VP(3) VM(4) VP(4) |
| 1.000E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 1.429E-07 1.800E+02 |
| 1.100E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 1.667E-07 1.800E+02 |
| 1.200E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 2.000E-07 1.800E+02 |
| 1.300E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 2.500E-07 1.800E+02 |
| 1.400E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 3.333E-07 1.800E+02 |
| 1.500E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 5.000E-07 1.800E+02 |
| 1.600E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 1.000E-06 1.800E+02 |
| 1.700E+03 5.007E+01 0.000E+00 4.993E+01 0.000E+00 |
| 1.800E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 1.000E-06 0.000E+00 |
| 1.900E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 5.000E-07 0.000E+00 |
| 2.000E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 3.333E-07 0.000E+00 |
| 2.100E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 2.500E-07 0.000E+00 |
| 2.200E+03 1.000E+02 0.000E+00 2.000E-07 0.000E+00 |
| Job concluded |
如圖 3 所示,圖 3 中的開關在 1700Hz 時激活,節(jié)點 (3) 的電壓等于節(jié)點 (4)。
Table IV. Frequency description of switch operation (Fig: 4)
| **** 10/15/23 12:27:19 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Circuit description |
| V2 1 0 AC 100 |
| R13 1 2 400 |
| HG1 2 0 V2 1 |
| L23 2 3 0.01 |
| R30 3 0 500 |
| C34 3 4 0.1UF |
| L46 4 6 0.5 |
| C60 6 0 0.1 |
| E45 4 5 LAPLACE {I(E45)} = {(ABS(S)/(2.0*3.14159265359)-150)*1E10} |
| R40 5 0 2000 |
| .AC LIN 4 50 200 |
| .PRINT AC VM(1) VM(3) VM(4) VM(5) |
| .OP |
| .end |
| **** 10/15/23 12:27:19 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Small signal bias solution Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Node voltage |
| ( 1) 0.0000 ( 2) 0.0000 ( 3) 0.0000 ( 4) 0.0000 |
| ( 5) 0.0000 ( 6) 0.0000 |
| Voltage source currents |
| Name Current |
| V2 0.000E+00 |
| Total power dissipation 0.00E+00 watts |
| **** 10/15/23 12:27:19 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Operating point information Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Voltage-controlled voltage sources |
| Name E45 |
| V-source 0.000E+00 |
| I-source 0.000E+00 |
| Current-controlled voltage sources |
| Name HG1 |
| V-source 0.000E+00 |
| I-source 0.000E+00 |
| **** 10/15/23 12:27:19 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| AC analysis Temperature =27.000 DEG C |
| FREQ VM(1) VM(3) VM(4) VM(5) |
| 5.000E+01 1.000E+02 2.506E-01 1.243E-03 2.486E-12 |
| 1.000E+02 1.000E+02 2.507E-01 5.048E-03 2.019E-11 |
| 1.500E+02 1.000E+02 2.508E-01 1.132E-02 1.131E-02 |
| 2.000E+02 1.000E+02 2.510E-01 2.151E-02 8.606E-11 |
| Job concluded |
表 IV 顯示,在 150Hz 時,開關導通,節(jié)點 (4) 的電壓轉移到節(jié)點 (5)。

圖:5. 帶頻率相關開關的交流電源電路
圖 5 顯示了具有電流控制電流源的交流電源電路。表 V 顯示了圖 5 中開關描述和作的網(wǎng)表。開關用符號 S1 描述。
表 V. 開關運行頻率說明(圖 5)
| **** 10/15/23 19:35:45 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Circuit description |
| V2 1 0 AC 100 |
| R13 1 2 400 |
| FG1 2 0 V2 1 |
| L23 2 3 0.01 |
| R30 3 0 500 |
| C34 3 4 0.1UF |
| L46 4 6 0.5 |
| C60 6 0 0.1 |
| E45 4 5 LAPLACE {I(E45)} = {(ABS(S)/(2.0*3.14159265359)-150)*1E10} |
| R40 5 0 2000 |
| .AC LIN 4 50 200 |
| .PRINT AC VM(1) VM(3) VM(4) VM(5) |
| .OP |
| .end |
| **** 10/15/23 19:35:45 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Small signal bias solution Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Node voltage |
| ( 1) 0.0000 ( 2) 0.0000 ( 3) 0.0000 ( 4) 0.0000 |
| ( 5) 0.0000 ( 6) 0.0000 |
| Voltage source currents |
| Name Current |
| V2 0.000E+00 |
| Total power dissipation 0.00E+00 watts |
| **** 10/15/23 19:35:45 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Operating Point Information Temperature = 27.000 DEG C |
| Voltage-controlled voltage sources |
| Name E45 |
| V-source 0.000E+00 |
| I-source 0.000E+00 |
| Current-controlled current sources |
| Name FG1 |
| I-source 0.000E+00 |
| **** 10/15/23 19:35:45 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| AC analysis Temperature =27.000 DEG C |
| FREQ VM(1) VM(3) VM(4) VM(5) |
| 5.000E+01 1.000E+02 7.143E+01 3.542E-01 7.083E-10 |
| 1.000E+02 1.000E+02 7.144E+01 1.438E+00 5.754E-09 |
| 1.500E+02 1.000E+02 7.144E+01 3.224E+00 3.220E+00 |
| 2.000E+02 1.000E+02 7.147E+01 6.126E+00 2.451E-08 |
| Job concluded |
| **** 10/15/23 19:35:45 ****** PSpice Lite (October 2012) ****** ID# 10813 **** |
| Frequency-dependent AC switch simulation |
| Job statistics summary |
頻率相關系統(tǒng)的開關募集因應用而異??梢酝ㄟ^不同的方式評估和比較交換機性能。這些開關可以在設計階段用于不同的頻率范圍和功率水平。
頻率相關開關配置旨在適應 PSpice 仿真程序,用于電子電路(1700Hz、150Hz)。該開關使用 PSpice 仿真軟件在頻域中使用四種類型的交流電路進行測試和驗證。具有仿真經(jīng)驗的工程師可以實施這些概念設計并滿足當今先進的系統(tǒng)要求。





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